Social Sustainability in Family Farms: The Case of Apples Production in South Tyrol

This article explores the interplay between family farming and social sustainability in South Tyrol’s apple sector. Drawing on a mixed-method approach—including secondary data from Raiffeisen Verband, a survey of 116 farmers, and two in-depth case studies—the article reveals a nuanced picture of resilience and transformation in a region where over 90% of farms are family-run. Despite a 2% reduction in orchard area from 2012 to 2022, family farms remain central to the region’s agricultural identity. Survey results show that 59% of farmers are satisfied with their income, and 66% have increased investments, indicating cautious optimism despite rising production costs and declining gross income per hectare. Social sustainability is reflected in strong family involvement, with 87% of farmers living with at least two family members and 77% relying on family labor. However, challenges persist: 42% report reduced time with children, and 59% have less personal time. Environmental awareness is growing, with 45% reducing chemical inputs and 20% converting to organic farming. Case studies highlight the emotional and cultural significance of farming, underscoring the need for policies that support generational renewal and agroecological transitions. The findings suggest that South Tyrol’s family farming model offers valuable insights into sustainable rural development.